I-roulette e-UK
Amakhasino aneqanda elilodwa kusukela ngo-1968, futhi iminyaka engamashumi amabili i-roulette esheshayo nebiza kakhulu ezweni yayitholakala ezitolo zokubheja.
Amakhasino aseBrithani asebenzisa i-roulette eneqanda elilodwa kusukela kwi-Gaming Act 1968, isikhathi eside ebuyisela ingxenye yenani elibhejwayo uma kuphuma iqanda ekubhejeni okulingana nemali. Kusukela ngo-1999 izitolo zokubheja zengeza imishini ye-roulette eyayamukela u-£100 ngokujikeleza ngakunye njalo emizuzwaneni engu-20, okungukulahlekelwa okulindelekile okucishe kube ngu-£486 ngehora ngenani eliphezulu elibhejwayo. Ngo-Ephreli 2019 inani eliphezulu elibhejwayo lehliselwa ku-£2.
Imithetho ye-roulette emakhasino ase-UK
I-Gaming Act 1968 yavumela amakhasino ezohwebo ukuthi avulwe eGreat Britain njengamakilabhu amalungu, anikezwe amalayisense ngaphansi kweso le-Gaming Board entsha. Amalungu nezivakashi zawo kuphela ayengadlala, futhi ilungu elisha kwakudingeka lilinde amahora angu-48 ngemuva kokufaka isicelo ngaphambi kokubheja kokuqala, umthetho owehliselwa emahoreni angu-24 ngo-1999 wase ususwa ngo-Okthoba 2005, lapho i-Gambling Commission ithatha indawo ye-Gaming Board. Imithetho yango-1994 yanquma ukuthi umdlalo uqobo unjani: isondo elinezigaba ezingu-37 ezinezinombolo ezisuka ku-0 kuya ku-36, futhi ekubhejeni okulingana nemaliukubhejaUkubheja okulingana nemaliBomvu/mnyama, engalingani/elinganayo, phezulu/phansi. Izinombolo eziyi-18, kukhokha u-1:1.Funda konke → iqandaisondoIqandaIgodi elilodwa eliluhlaza elingambozwa ukubheja okulingana nemali, okwedazini noma okwekholamu; umthombo wenzuzo yekhasino. Kubuye kuthiwe: iqanda elilodwa, 0.Funda konke → lalibuyisela ingxenye yenani elibhejwayo, okubiza umdlali u-1.35% ofanayo nowe-la partageumthethoLa partageUmthetho waseFrance: lapho kuphuma iqanda, uhhafu wenani elibhejwe ekubhejeni okulingana nemali uyabuyiswa. Kwehlisa inzuzo yekhasino kulokho kubheja ngesigamu iye ku-1.35%.Funda konke →. Leyo mithetho yaphelelwa yisikhathi ngo-2007 ngaphansi kwe-Gambling Act 2005, futhi manje amakhasino azibekela eyawo; iqanda elilodwa lisalokhu liyinto ejwayelekile futhi ukubuyiselwa kwengxenye uma kuphuma iqanda kuvamile. Hlola imithetho yetafula.
I-roulette esitolo sokubheja
Imishini yokubheja enamathuba angaguquki (fixed-odds betting terminals), okuyimishini yokugembula ezitolo zokubheja, yafika ngo-1999 yasakazeka ngokushesha ngemuva koshintsho lwentela ngo-2001. Ngaphansi kwekhodi yemboni kusukela ngo-2003 okuwukuphela komdlalo wekhasino eyayiwunikeza kwakuyi-roulette, futhi umthetho kamuva wayifaka esigabeni B2, kuze kube yimine esitolo ngasinye. Umdlali wayengabheja kuze kufike ku-£100 ngokujikeleza ngakunye, njalo emizuzwaneni engu-20, ukuze athole umklomelo omkhulu ongu-£500. Umdlalo wawuyi-roulette eneqanda elilodwa, ebuyisela u-97.3%. Lapho ifinyelela esiqongweni sayo, ngo-2014–15, yayicishe ibe ngu-35,000.
Ukujikeleza njalo emizuzwaneni engu-20 kubiza malini
Ijubane libalulekile njengenani elibhejwayo. Ngokujikeleza kathathu ngomzuzu umdlali ubheja izikhathi ezingu-180 ngehora, futhi inzuzo yekhasino engu-2.70% isebenza kuko konke lokho kubheja. Ngo-£100 ngokujikeleza ngakunye lokho kungu-£18,000 obhejiwe nokucishe kube ngu-£486 olahlekile ngehora ngokwesilinganiso, inani uhulumeni alisebenzisa lapho ehlisa inani elibhejwayo. Ngo-£2 kungu-£9.73.
Ubani owayeyidlala
I-British Gambling Prevalence Survey yango-2007 yathola ukuthi u-11.2% wabantu ababedlala le mishini wahlangabezana nesivivinyo sayo senkinga yokugembula, uma kuqhathaniswa no-0.6% wabantu abadala bebonke; isampula labadlali bemishini lalilincane, cishe abantu abangu-200. Izinhlolovo zakamuva ezacashunwa nguhulumeni zanikeza u-11.5% ngo-2015 no-13.6% ngo-2016 kubadlali bayo yonke imishini ezitolo zokubheja. Inhlolovo ayikwazi ukusho ukuthi imishini yazibangela yini izinkinga noma yaheha abantu ababevele benazo, kodwa ukukhathazeka ngamanani aphezulu abhejwayo, ukudlala okusheshayo nokulimala kwaholela uhulumeni ekumemezeleni ukwehliswa ngoMeyi 2018; kwaqala ukusebenza mhla lu-1 Ephreli 2019.
Ku-inthanethi, nezeluleko
I-roulette ye-inthanethi eBrithani inikezwa ilayisense yi-Gambling Commission ngaphansi kwe-Gambling Act 2005; ikhasi elithi “I-roulette eYurophu” lichaza leyo makethe kanye ne-GAMSTOP, irejista kazwelonke yokuzikhipha ngokuzithandela. Kumdlali, isifundo semishini yizibalo zejubane: intengo ye-roulette ingu-2.70% wakho konke okubhejiwe, futhi umdlalo othatha ukubheja kathathu ngomzuzu uthatha leyo ntengo kathathu ngomzuzu. Khetha itafula elihamba kancane, inani elincane elibhejwayo, kanye nomthetho wokubuyiselwa kwengxenye uma kuphuma iqanda ekubhejeni okulingana nemali.
Imibuzo
Kweminye imishini, kuze kufike ku-£2 ngokujikeleza ngakunye kusukela ngo-Ephreli 2019; iningi lemishini emidala yamanani aphezulu yadluliselwa esigabeni esiphansi.
Yebo, ngokuvamile, futhi ukubheja okulingana nemali kuvame ukubuyisela ingxenye yenani elibhejwayo uma kuphuma iqanda. Hlola imithetho yetafula.
Isigaba esingokomthetho, ngaphansi kwe-Gambling Act 2005, semishini yokugembula ezitolo zokubheja eyayamukela kuze kufike ku-£100 ngokujikeleza ngakunye; kusukela ngo-Ephreli 2019 umkhawulo wayo ungu-£2.
Okokuhlekisa
Inzuzo yekhasino yayijwayelekile. Ijubane lalingajwayelekile.
Imithombo
- Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. Government response to the consultation on proposals for changes to gaming machines and social responsibility measures.
- Woodhouse, J. Fixed odds betting terminals.
- Gambling Commission. Industry statistics, November 2020.
- Wardle, H. et al. British Gambling Prevalence Survey 2007.
- Gaming Act 1968 (c. 65).
- Gaming Clubs (Bankers’ Games) Regulations 1994 (SI 1994/2899).
- Statutory Instrument 2018/1402.
- UK Gambling Commission. Remote gambling and software technical standards.