Inganekwane: Isu le-roulette elihlala liwina
“Nginohlelo oluwina ku-80% yezikhathi.” Kungenzeka. Kodwa lusalahlekelwa yimali.
Uhlelo lungenza amaseshini okuwina avame. Alukwazi ukwenza inani elilindelekile libe ngaphezu kweqanda, ngoba konke ukubheja olukwenzayo kungu-−1/37 wenani elibhejiwe futhi amanani alindelekile ayahlangana. Izinhlelo eziwina kaningi kakhulu zilahlekelwa kakhulu lapho zilahlekelwa.
Okushiwoyo
Inkolelo: ndawana thize kukhona isu le-roulette eliwina njalo, uhlelo lwamanani abhejwayo ashintshayo ngokwemiphumela yangaphambili oluguqula i-roulette ibe ngumdlalo owinayo. Ubufakazi obunikezwayo: uchungechunge lwamaseshini okuwina, ividiyo yokuthi ungawina kanjani ku-roulette njalo, ubufakazi bomuntu othile, ispredishithi yesonto lenhlanhla. Lokho okushiwoyo kuvame ukuba ngokweqiniso; umuntu uyakukholwa ngoba bekusebenza.
Kungani kungalungile, ngomugqa owodwa
Amanani alindelekileizibaloInani elilindelekileUmphumela ovamile ekubhejeni ngakunye esikhathini eside. U-−1/37 wenani elibhejwayo kukho konke ukubheja okujwayelekile kwaseYurophu.Funda konke → ayahlangana. Uma ukubheja ngakunye kune-EV = −1/37 wenani elibhejiwe, noma yiluphi uchungechunge lokubheja lune-EV = −1/37 wesamba esibhejiwe, noma ngabe yimuphi umthetho okhethe amanani abhejwayo. Uhlelo ngumthetho wokukhetha amanani abhejwayo. Ngakho-ke zonke izinhlelo zine-EV = −1/37 wemali ebhejiweimaliImali yonke ebhejiweInani lonke elibhejwe phakathi neseshini noma esikhathini esithile, kubalwa nemali ewiniwe ephinde yabhejwa. Kubuye kuthiwe: handle, action.Funda konke →. Lokhu kuyithiyori (u-Doob no-Halmos bakufakazela ngama-1930; u-Thorp ngo-1969 uchaza imibandela), futhi akunakho okuhlukile kwemithetho ehlakaniphile. Umbandela owodwa okufanele uwazi yinani elincane kakhulu lokubheja: isibonelo sika-Thorp sibheja u-$1,000 kokubomvuukubhejaBomvuUkubheja okulingana nemali ezinombolweni eziyi-18 ezibomvu. NgesiFulentshi: rouge.Funda konke →, bese kuba ngamasenti angu-90, bese kuba ngamasenti angu-9 njalo njalo, kuncipha unomphela. Ngamathuba angu-18/37 ukubheja kokuqala kuyawina futhi umdlali uhlala ephambili unomphela, nakuba umphumela olindelekile usengu-−1/37 wakho konke okubhejiwe. Inani elincane kakhulu letafula langempela liyakuvimba lokho, kanye nalo lonke ithemba lokuhlala uphambili esikhathini eside.
Ukuhlangana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi: Umthetho wezinombolo ezinkulu ku-roulette
Kungani kubonakala sengathi kuyasebenza
Ukwenyuswa kwenaniisuUkwenyuswa kwenaniNoma yimuphi umthetho oshintsha inani elibhejwayo ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yangaphambili. Ukwenyuswa kwenani ngemuva kokuhlulwa kulikhuphula ngemuva kokulahlekelwa, ukwenyuswa kwenani ngemuva kokuwina kulikhuphula ngemuva kokuwina.Funda konke → ngemuva kokuhlulwa kwenza amaseshini okuwina avame. I-MartingaleisuMartingaleUkwenyuswa kwenani okuphinda kabili inani elibhejwayo ngemuva kokuhlulwa ngakunye. Bheka isigaba esithi “Amasu okubheja ku-roulette” ukuze ubone ukuthi kwenzani nokuthi yini engakwenzi.Funda konke → eqala ku-$10 nomkhawulo ka-$500 iqeda cishe i-80% yamaseshini okujikeleza okungu-100 iphambili ngamayunithiimaliIyunithiInani elibhejwayo eliyisisekelo uhlelo noma umdlali asebenza ngalo. Ukwenyuswa kwenani kuchazwa ngamayunithi ukuze kusebenze kunoma yiliphi itafula.Funda konke → ambalwa. Umdlali oyisebenzisa amaseshini angamashumi amabili uwina ayishumi nesithupha awo futhi ukhumbula lokho. Iseshini ngayinye kwezine zokulahlekelwa ilahlekelwa ngaphezu kwalokho okwenziwa ngamaseshini okuwina ayishumi, futhi izibalo zamaseshini angamashumi amabili zingaphansi kweqanda. Uhlelo aluzange lushintshe isilinganiso; luhambise ukulahlekelwa kwaya emaseshini ambalwa, amakhulu lapho kulula khona ukukubiza ngokuthi yinhlanhla embi.
Isivivinyo noma ubani angasenza
Isilingisi samasu e-roulette kule sayithi sidlala amaseshini angu-10,000 anoma yiluphi uhlelo, noma ikhodi yakho, ngomzuzwana. Sisethe ohlelweni olukholelwa kulo bese ufunda isilinganiso. Ukube isilinganiso besingaphezu kweqanda kunoma yisiphi isilungiselelo, leli khasi belizosho. Zonke izilungiselelo, zonke izinhlelo, yonke imikhawulo yetafulaitafulaUmkhawulo wetafulaInani elincane nelikhulu kakhulu lokubheja elivunyelwe. Umkhawulo ophezulu yiwona omisa ukwenyuswa kwenani okuphindaphinda kabili.Funda konke → inika isilinganiso esingu-−2.70% yemali ebhejiwe kanye nomsindo wezibalo. Ubufakazi bomuntu buyisampula yomuntu oyedwa; isilingisi siyisampula yezinkulungwane eziyishumi.
Uhlelo olungeke lulahlekelwe
Ngo-1997 umbhali we-poker u-Mike Caro washicilela uhlelo lwe-roulette njengehlaya, futhi i-Gambling Times yaluphinda yalushicilela ngo-2001. Luwuhlu lokubheja okumele kugwenywe: ungalokothi ubheje kokubomvu noma kokumnyamaukubhejaMnyamaUkubheja okulingana nemali ezinombolweni ezimnyama eziyi-18. NgesiFulentshi: noir.Funda konke →, engalingani noma elinganayo, noma amaqandaisondoIqandaIgodi elilodwa eliluhlaza elingambozwa ukubheja okulingana nemali, okwedazini noma okwekholamu; umthombo wenzuzo yekhasino. Kubuye kuthiwe: iqanda elilodwa, 0.Funda konke →; zingabikho izinombolo ezibomvu ezingalingani futhi zingabikho ezimnyama ezilinganayo; futhi ungabheji lutho ku-30, noma ochungechungeni olude lwamagodiokokusebenzaIgodiEsinye sezikhala ezingu-37 ezinezinombolo ku-rotor. Kubuye kuthiwe: slot, cup.Funda konke → kusuka ku-11 ngokwendlela yewashi kuze kube ngu-14 esondweni laseMelika. Hlanganisa imithetho futhi ayikho inombolo esalayo. Amagodi okuwukuphela kwawo angaphandle kwalolo chungechunge ngu-0, 28, 9, 26, 30 no-2; u-30 uvinjelwe ngegama, kanti amanye ayiqanda, alinganayo futhi amnyama, noma angalingani futhi abomvu. Umdlali olandela lolu hlelo akalokothi abheje futhi akalokothi alahlekelwe. Inzuzo yekhasino kulo iyiqanda, futhi yilona kuphela uhlelo lwe-roulette olwethembekile mayelana nokuthi lufika kanjani lapho.
Izinhlelo ezinamagama, ngomugqa owodwa ngamunye
Izinhlelo ezithengiswa ngegama, noma njengefomula yokuwina ku-roulette, azihlukile. Ngalunye luyiqoqo lokubheja, futhi ukubheja ngakunye kukhokhela isondo i-2.70% yalo. U-Bollman (2024) uhlaziya eziningana esondweni laseMelika, lapho ngalunye lubiza i-5.26%; lapha zisesondweni laseYurophu.
Inguqulo ethembekile
Izinhlelo zishintsha isimo seseshini: ukuthi uwina kangaki, ukuthi ukuwina kukhulu kangakanani, ukuthi isimo esibi kakhulu sibi kangakanani. Lezo yizinqumo zangempela futhi umdlali angakhetha isimo esithile kunesinye. Lokho izinhlelo ezingakushintshi yintengo, okuyi-2.70% yakho konke okubhejiwe, futhi ngoba ukwenyuswa kwenani kubheja okuningi kunokubheja inani elilinganayoisuUkubheja ngenani elilodwaUkubheja inani elifanayo kukho konke ukujikeleza. Isisekelo okuqhathaniswa naso konke ukwenyuswa kwenani.Funda konke →, kukhokha okuningi kwayo.
Imibuzo
Izinyanga eziyisithupha zamaseshini angeviki ngalinye zicishe zibe ngamaseshini angu-25. I-Martingale iwina ku-80% yalawo. Amaseshini okulahlekelwa ayeza, futhi makhulu.
Umthetho wokuma unciphisa imali ebhejiwe ngakho unciphisa ukulahlekelwa okulindelekileizibaloUkulahlekelwa okulindelekileInani elilindelekile liphindaphindwe ngemali yonke ebhejiwe; inani elilahlekayo ngokwesilinganiso phakathi neseshini noma esikhathini esithile.Funda konke →. Awukwenzi kube ngaphezu kweqanda.
Hhayi esondweni elingachemile. Esondweni elichemileilebhuIsondo elichemileIsondo elinamaphutha omzimba enza amanye amagodi abe namathuba angaphezu kuka-1/37. Alivamile, futhi litholakala kuphela ngokujikeleza okuyizinkulungwane okubhaliwe.Funda konke →, okuyinkinga ye-physics, hhayi uhlelo.
Ubumnandi bezibalo
Zama lezi ngokwakho kuqala. Isixazululo ngasinye sifihliwe; sivule uma usukulungile.
Uhlelo lukaMike Caro lwango-1997 olwaluyihlaya lwesondo laseMelika luvimbela okubomvuukubhejaBomvuUkubheja okulingana nemali ezinombolweni eziyi-18 ezibomvu. NgesiFulentshi: rouge.Funda konke → nokumnyamaukubhejaMnyamaUkubheja okulingana nemali ezinombolweni ezimnyama eziyi-18. NgesiFulentshi: noir.Funda konke →, okungalingani nokulinganayo, kanye namaqandaisondoIqandaIgodi elilodwa eliluhlaza elingambozwa ukubheja okulingana nemali, okwedazini noma okwekholamu; umthombo wenzuzo yekhasino. Kubuye kuthiwe: iqanda elilodwa, 0.Funda konke →; izinombolo ezibomvu ezingalingani nezimnyama ezilinganayo; inombolo 30; kanye nalo lonke igodiokokusebenzaIgodiEsinye sezikhala ezingu-37 ezinezinombolo ku-rotor. Kubuye kuthiwe: slot, cup.Funda konke → elisemgqeni osuka ku-11 ngokwewashi uzungeze uye ku-14. Sebenzisa imithetho ngamunye ngamunye. Yiziphi izinombolo ezisele zokubheja?
Bonisa isixazululo
Impendulo Ayikho. Uhlelo aluze lubheje, ngakho inzuzo yekhasino yalo iyiqanda ncamashi.
Ukuvimbela okubomvu, okumnyama, okungalingani, okulinganayo namaqanda kushiya izinombolo ezizodwa namaqembu amancane phakathi kuka-1 no-36.
Ukungabi nezibomvu ezingalingani nezimnyama ezilinganayo kushiya izibomvu ezilinganayo (12, 14, 16, 18, 30, 32, 34, 36) kanye nezimnyama ezingalingani (11, 13, 15, 17, 29, 31, 33, 35): izinombolo eziyishumi nesithupha. Ukuvimbela u-30 kushiya eziyishumi nanhlanu.
Esondweni laseMelika umugqa osuka ku-11 ngokwewashi uye ku-14 umboza amagodi angu-32 kwangu-38. Ayisithupha angaphandle kwawo ngu-0, 28, 9, 26, 30 no-2. Zonke eziyishumi nanhlanu ezisindile zingaphakathi komugqa, ngakho umthetho wokugcina uyazisusa nazo. Uhlelo olungalokothi lubheje yilona kuphela olungalokothi luhlulwe, okwakuyiphuzu lika-Caro.
I-Kryptos isebenzisa ama-MartingaleisuMartingaleUkwenyuswa kwenani okuphinda kabili inani elibhejwayo ngemuva kokuhlulwa ngakunye. Bheka isigaba esithi “Amasu okubheja ku-roulette” ukuze ubone ukuthi kwenzani nokuthi yini engakwenzi.Funda konke → amathathu ngesikhathi esisodwa, elilodwa epheyini ngalinye lokubheja okulingana nemaliukubhejaUkubheja okulingana nemaliBomvu/mnyama, engalingani/elinganayo, phezulu/phansi. Izinombolo eziyi-18, kukhokha u-1:1.Funda konke → (phezulu noma phansi, okungalingani noma okulinganayo, okubomvu noma okumnyama), ngamanani abhejwayo angu-1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 nokuma ngemuva kokuhlulwa okuyisithupha. Thatha elilodwa kulawo amathathu esondweni laseYurophu. Kukangaki lihlulwa kukho konke ukubheja okuyisithupha, umjikelezo owodwa uzuza malini ngokwesilinganiso, futhi lokho kuyingxenye engakanani yemali ebhejiwe?
Bonisa isixazululo
Impendulo Lihlulwa kukho konke okuyisithupha cishe kanye emijikelezweni engu-55, okungu-1.83% wesikhathi, futhi lokho kubiza amayunithiimaliIyunithiInani elibhejwayo eliyisisekelo uhlelo noma umdlali asebenza ngalo. Ukwenyuswa kwenani kuchazwa ngamayunithi ukuze kusebenze kunoma yiliphi itafula.Funda konke → angu-63. Ngokwesilinganiso umjikelezo ulahlekelwa cishe amayunithi angu-0.17 kwangu-6.42 abhejiwe: 2.70%, intengo yakho konke ukubheja esondweni.
Ukubheja kuhlulwa ngamathuba angu-19/37, kuhlanganise neqanda. Okuyisithupha kulandelana: (19/37)⁶ = 0.0183, cishe oku-1 kwangu-55, bese amanani abhejwayo 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 = 63 ehamba. Uma kungenjalo umjikelezo uphela ngokuwina kanye no-+1 weyunithi.
Isilinganiso: 1 × (1 − 0.0183) − 63 × 0.0183 = 1 − 64 × 0.0183 = −0.17 wamayunithi.
Imali ebhejiwe: ukubheja kokuqala kuhlala kwenziwa, okwesibili kuphela ngemuva kokuhlulwa, njalo njalo: 1 + 2 × (19/37) + 4 × (19/37)² + … + 32 × (19/37)⁵ = 6.42 wamayunithi. Futhi −0.17/6.42 = −2.70%.
Ukujikeleza okuyisithupha okurekhodiwe kunquma kuphela ukuthi ukubheja ngakunye kukuluphi uhlangothi, futhi isondo alikwazi ukukwazi. Ukusebenzisa womathathu kuphinda kathathu imali ebhejiwe nokulahlekelwa okulindelekile kanye nayo. U-Bollman (2024) usebenza lolu hlelo esondweni laseMelika, lapho ngalinye lalo lihlulwa kayisithupha kulandelana ku-2.1% wesikhathi.
Okokuhlekisa
Ukuwina kaningi nokuwina imali yizinombolo ezihlukene.
Imithombo
- Thorp, E. O. “Optimal gambling systems for favorable games.”
- Thorp, E. O. The Mathematics of Gambling.
- Doob, J. L. “Note on probability.”
- Halmos, P. R. “Invariants of certain stochastic transformations: the mathematical theory of gambling systems.”
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Bollman, M. Mathematics of the Big Four Casino Table Games: Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, & Roulette.
- Bollman, M. Basic Gambling Mathematics: The Numbers Behind the Neon, 2nd ed.